The Incidence Of Thyroid Cancer - 2648 Words

The incidence of thyroid cancer is rapidly rising in the US accounting for 62,980 cases with 1890 deaths every year[1]. It is the seventh most common cancer diagnosed in women and peaks earlier than in men. Despite its high prevalence, death rate from thyroid cancer is fairly stable from past many years. In general, thyroid cancer offers a good prognosis with an overall survival rate of approximately 90%[2]. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) termed as differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) contribute to majority of thyroid cancers sharing a superior prognosis. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), mostly acquired as a part of familial syndromes, display only modest cure rates. While surgical resection followed by radioiodine therapy remains the treatment of choice for localized thyroid cancer, it fails to eradicate tumors with aggressive behavior. In marked contrast to DTC, anaplastic carcinoma (ATC), an undifferentiated sub-type of thyroid cancer, ha s a higher propensity to locally invade nearby structures and metastasize rapidly. It approaches to almost 50% of all thyroid cancer-related deaths, the median survival being only six months[3]. The grim prognosis of ATC is due to the fact that it is diagnosed at an advanced stage which offers palliative treatment as the only option for patients suffering from the disease. Because of the chemo- and radio-resistant nature observed in aggressive thyroid cancers, many researchers have beenShow MoreRelatedThe Levels Of T4 And Tsh Are Vital For The Diagnosis Of Hypothyroidism Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesconclusions by the use of the clinical symptoms only. The functioning of thyroid aberrations have to be screened for once an aged individual shows one or some the signs of the disorder (Franklyn, 2013). Epidemiology. Genetic as well as the environmental factors show indifference in the presence of hypothyroidism. Several studies in the field of epidemiology have proven that age brings about alterations in the concentration of the thyroid hormone. Among males, the level of TSH is said to stabilise with ageRead MoreThe Most Common Types Of Cancer1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdisease, cancer has plagued our society for years. Cancer has dated back to 3000 BC. From then to now, many people have been diagnosed and died due to this monstrosity of a disease. Since 1990, approximately 11 million new cancer cases have been diagnosed and 5 million lives have been taken. In 2016, 1,685,210 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in the United States and 595,690 people will die due to cancer. The most common types of cancer today are breast cancer, lung and bronchus cancer, prostateRead MoreThyroid Carcinomas1178 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy accounting for 1 % of cancers worldwide, and its incidence is rising faster than many other cancers, with the highest overall rate of increase in cancer deaths. The annual incidence varies considerably by geographic area, age and sex. The increase is attributable to better detection of small carcinomas as a result of improved diagnostic accuracy. However, the number of patients who die due to this disease also increases [1]Read MorePopulation Based Cancer Database By National Cancer Institute994 Words   |  4 PagesThe SEER is a population-based cancer database by National Cancer Institute. The SEER 13 represents approximately 14% of the population of the United States and includes 13 cancer registries - San Francisco-Oakland, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle (Puget Sound region), Utah, Atlanta, San Jose-Monterey, Los Angles, Alaska Natives, and rural Georgia. High quality data are collected from hospitals and cancer treatment centers. The database includes primary tumor site, stagingRead MoreBurkitt s Lymphom An Uncommon Form Of Non Hodgkin Lymphoma1040 Words   |  5 Pagesprimary malignancies (SPM) in Burkitt’s lymphoma patients is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the risk of SPMs in adult patients with Burkitt’s lymphoma from National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The SEER 13 is a population based cancer database sponsored by National Cancer Institute. SEER 13 represents 13.8% of US population and covers following geographical areas - San Francisco-Oakland SMSA, Connecticut, Detroit (Metropolitan), Hawaii, IowaRead MorePractice Questions 2 [Chapter 9-18] Book: Epidemiology [Leon Gordis]2157 Words   |  9 Pagesit is to identify the causing factors. 2. Which of the following is not an advantage of a prospective cohort study? a. It usually costs less than a case-control study b. Precise measurement of exposure is possible c. Incidence rates can be calculated d. Recall bias is minimized compared with a case-control study e. Many disease outcomes can be studied simultaneously ANSWER: A According to Gordis, â€Å"A major problem with the cohort design just described isRead MoreChemical Compounds That Have A Effect On The Public Health825 Words   |  4 Pages Perchlorates are inorganic chemical compounds that have a pounding effect on human health and especially on the thyroid homeostasis. The growing levels of perchlorates in drinking water and industrial waste have a detrimental impact on the public health in various ways. This report tries to correlate the impact of perchlorates and their effect on the human population. The damage caused by perchlorates varies from person to person and is governed by a set of factors like the duration ofRead MoreThe Case of Nick Smith1178 Words   |  5 PagesLeonard suspect is wrong with Nick? What tests should Dr. Leonard order? What might be causing Nick’s pallor? anemia cancer infection What are some possible causes of Nick’s weight loss? infection GI problems cancer thyroid or other endocrine problem loss of appetite due to disease not feeding properly What might Dr. Leonard suspect is wrong with Nick? infection GI problems cancer thyroid or other endocrine problem loss of appetite due to disease not feeding properly internal bleeding liver, kidney,Read MoreAn Autoimmune Disorder That Directly Affects The Thyroid Gland1539 Words   |  7 PagesGraves’ Disease is identified as an autoimmune disorder that directly affects the thyroid gland. Characterized as the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ Disease encompasses an overactive, enlarged thyroid gland, which produces an excess of thyroid hormones [1]. Approximately 3% of the United States population is affected by Graves’ Disease and 60-80% of patients affected with Graves’ disease are diagnosed with hyperthyroidism [2]. The approximate female to male ratio is 5/1, with majorityRead MoreEssay On Goiter756 Words   |  4 PagesChildren with goiter were characterized by a twofold higher hair B levels than the control ones. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant direct association only between thyroid volume and hair B (r = 0.482) level, Mickuviene et al. (2016). Boron was measured in plasma, excess value of the cont ent of boron at 32.29% was found in children with goiter compared with those from control group. Children with goiter show increased content of boron in hair (Kudabayeva et al., 2017). Dietary B treatments